Essays

Long-form writing from leading scholars and commentators on history, statecraft, warfare, philosophy and culture.

Russian servicemen carry a banner with the inscription "Ukrainian Front" during a rehearsal for the Victory Day Parade on Palace Square in St. Petersburg, on 17 January 2025.
essays

Revisionism reconsidered: grand strategy in a post-imperial age

In the postwar period, the US-led world order succeeded in taming efforts to redraw international boundaries by force, but eliminating such impulses entirely is not a realistic bas..

Francis J. Gavin August 26, 2026
Watercolour of David Hume (1711-1776) by Louis Carrogis Carmontelle. Credit: Granger
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The last days of David Hume

As death approached, the titan of the Scottish Enlightenment found solace in the company of close friends rather than in the hope of religious redemption.

Max Skjönsberg August 25, 2026
The assembly line at China's largest production base for robots of Shanghai PartnerX Robotics Co., Ltd. in Changzhou. Credit: Imaginechina Limited
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The real risk of AI: we stop trying

Financial Times columnist Sarah O'Connor speaks to EI's Caitlin Allen about her book, 'We Are Not Machines: The Fight for the Future of Work', and why we still have control over ho..

Engelsberg Ideas August 21, 2026
A Soviet May Day postcard.
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The Global South: the 21st century’s great utopia

The notion of a new world order shaped by the Global South, a reincarnation of the Third World, is a chimera. Middle-power dynamism is the surest way to preserve the Global West in..

Stephen Kotkin August 19, 2026
Print depicting Custer's Last Stand with the US 7th Cavalry at the Battle of the Little Bighorn in 1876
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250 years of the American berserk

Throughout the United States' history, an undercurrent of political violence has competed with the pastoral idealism of the Founding Fathers. It still shapes its national myths.

Phil Tinline August 12, 2026
Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelensky pictured at a press conference during meeting of Coalition of the Willing' leaders at the Hotel des Invalides in Paris, France on July 13 2026
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What Zelensky must learn from war leaders past

The history of modern warfare suggests that leaders who are ruthless towards failing ministers and generals are best able to keep their armed forces innovative on the battlefield.

Peter Caddick-Adams August 5, 2026
The Prime Minister of Japan, Sanae Takaichi. Credit: SOPA Images Limited
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Nostalgia hinders Takaichi’s vision for Japan

Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi wants to raise Japan’s game. But, given her reputation as a pioneer, she is remarkably backward-looking.

Bill Emmott July 29, 2026
German propaganda lithograph showing the nine-day winter battle on the Masurian Lakes from 8 to 16 February 1915.
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The Russo-German struggle for a Baltic empire

During the great conflicts of the 20th century, Russia and Germany waged a bitter struggle for control of the Baltic Sea and its surrounding territories, forcing profound transform..

Peter Haldén July 27, 2026
General Montgomery watches his tanks move up in North Africa.
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The age of the genius general is over

British commanders are still trained to prize the flash of intuitive brilliance. In an age of AI and autonomous systems, that instinct may prove actively regressive.

Edward Stringer July 24, 2026

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