Essays

Long-form writing from leading scholars and commentators on history, statecraft, warfare, philosophy and culture.

An angry crowd carrying a portrait of Czar Nicholas II to a bonfire in Petrograd following the February Revolution.
essays

Days that shake the world

John Reed’s eyewitness account of the Russian Revolution of November 1917 illustrates the enduring themes of political change – and reminds us how contingent it can be.

Suzanne Raine July 5, 2023
German Chancellor Olaf Scholz receives Li Qiang, Premier of China.
essays

China-US rivalry risks dividing the EU

The EU was forged in the bipolar conditions of the Cold War, expanded under American unipolarity and could plausibly disintegrate as the world returns to a state of bipolarity, thi..

Timothy Less June 20, 2023
The Fire of Moscow, 1812.
essays

The deep historical roots of Russia’s scorched earth policy

The Russians are pursuing a scorched earth policy in Ukraine as they did in the War of 1812 and after Operation Barbarossa.

Paul Josephson June 14, 2023
Night view of Chengdu.
essays

The People’s Republic of SF

Life in China increasingly resembles life on another planet – by Beijing’s deliberate design. If the twenty-first century really is the ‘Chinese Century’, as currently forecast, th..

Steven Tucker June 7, 2023
Japanese attack on the US Naval base at Pearl Harbour, 1941.
essays

Know your enemy

Japan's attempt to win global power in the Second World War is a warning from history for western policymakers.

Michael Sheridan June 1, 2023
CONGRESS OF VIENNA (1814-1815) Napoleon watching the Tsar, the Emperor of Austria and King of Prussia dividing up Europe
essays

The German key to European liberty

Germany today struggles to muster a serious military response to the Russian challenge. That should trouble keen observers of Europe's history.

Brendan Simms May 30, 2023
essays

The true genius of automata

An automaton chess player bewitched the public of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries - but its real value was all-too-human.

Gaby Wood May 26, 2023
Square de Richelieu, Odessa, Ukraine.
essays

How War Made Odessa More Ukrainian

War challenges all assumptions, and nowhere is this clearer in Ukraine’s historic – and strategically placed – Black Sea port. Its citizens have – mostly – turned their back on Rus..

Thomas de Waal May 17, 2023
Napoleon Bonaparte and his wife Josephine were crowned Emperor and Empress of France on 2 December 1804.
essays

Liberty in the Shadow of Bonaparte

Benjamin Constant’s considered response not only to the mass murder inflicted by the French Revolution, but to the attempt to reduce the whole French population to the condition of..

Jeremy Jennings May 15, 2023

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