Essays

Long-form writing from leading scholars and commentators on history, statecraft, warfare, philosophy and culture.

John Perry Barlow (centre, with beard) speaks with Bill Gates at the Annual PC Forum, 1991.
essays

John Perry Barlow and the struggle for the independence of cyberspace

In 1996 John Perry Barlow penned his 'Declaration of the Independence of Cyberspace'. The war between politicians and tech-idealists had just begun.

Andrew Keen February 26, 2021
Ex-Soviet Premier Mikhail Gorbachev with Polish President Lech Walesa
essays

Russia and the West – the path not taken

The collapse of the Soviet Union drew back the Iron Curtain, integrating Eastern Europe in the Western order. Although Russia remained out in the cold, this was not inevitable. For..

Sergey Radchenko February 23, 2021
Giuseppe Garibaldi (1807-1882) in his signature red shirt, gazing towards his beloved Italy from a cliff edge on the island of Caprera off the coast of Sicily. Illustration c1920. Credit: Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group via Getty Images
essays

Finding Garibaldi

Garibaldi's retreat to his home in Caprera spawned a liberal-nationalist ideal of statesmanship that would live long in the European imagination.

Lucy Riall February 18, 2021
RAF Fylingdales
essays

Rewiring the world

Throughout history, technological change has operated within established geopolitical patterns. Today’s tech revolution is tipped to transcend those boundaries and transform intern..

Brendan Simms & Constance Simms February 17, 2021
athens
essays

Why do democracies decay?

Is decay inevitable? Is democracy too unstable? The example of Ancient Athens shows us how delicate democratic institutions are.

Daniela Cammack February 12, 2021
Famous Georgian terraced houses in the Circus, Bath, England.
essays

Robert Adam and building beautiful

The elegance of Georgian architecture, best exemplified in Bath and Edinburgh, can inspire a modern Renaissance in British housing design.

Frank Salmon February 4, 2021
Arrival of the first train from St. Petersburg to Tsarskoye Selo on 30 October 1837. Found in the collection of I. Turgenev Memorial Museum, Moscow.
essays

Between Westernisers and Slavophiles – the search for Russia’s soul

Russian identity is shaped by its literature, perhaps more so than any other major world power. The arguments championed by its great authors resonate in the present.

Andrei Zorin February 2, 2021
The Jesuit fathers, Detail from a 17th century Japanese paper screen of the Jesuit Fathers arriving in Japan.
essays

Christianity in a cold climate – Jesuit encounters with Japan

When Jesuit missionaries arrived in Japan, they found a rich and beautiful culture - their early dialogues left deep marks on civilisation in Europe and in Asia.

M.Antoni J. Ucerler, S.J. January 29, 2021
British Foreign Secretary Austen Chamberlain, right, was a key player at the Locarno Conference. Benito Mussolini, Prime Minister of Italy, sits far left.
essays

The return of great power diplomacy

One of the original conceptions of the United Nations Organization, and the 1925 Locarno Pact, show how leading states might think about diplomacy in the new age of great power com..

Andrew Ehrhardt January 27, 2021

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