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The Balkan Question
Timothy Less...whose borders only partially corresponded with the country’s complex ethnic geography. As the Cold War ended, the Bosnjaks, Macedonians, and others pushed for the independence of their titular republics, and...
EssayRussia's age of contraction
Daniel Peris...redraw the map of East Asia. A 1960s map of the Manchuria-U.S.S.R. border. Credit: Hum Images Borders move. That’s not news in most of the world. Indeed, in Eastern Europe...
EssayA world of nations and states is here to stay
Donald Sassoon...a major culture, a beautiful language, and a unique landscape. We tend to think that a state is defined by its borders, but the borders and boundaries of most of...
EssayRussia's imperial overstretch
Daniel Peris...overwhelming. History was history, of course, but ‘now is different’, they say. It borders on a psychological pathology. Americans will point to their ‘exceptionalism’. The Chinese can respond that the...
EssayNapoleonic Europe: how the Emperor built a continent
Michael Broers...represented a political reality that broke and reconfigured existing borders and regimes, most of which had to be reformulated, after his fall, at the Congress of Vienna in 1814–15. The...
NotebookEurope's contested borders by BMW
Juliette Bretan...in and out of German, Lithuanian, Belarusian, Soviet and, ultimately, Polish control. The Polish claim was to do with debates about the nature of the newly re-established country, the borders...
EssayThe perils of perpetual geopolitics
Vladislav Zubok...haunting the world – the spectre of geopolitics’. What is geopolitics? For many in the commentariat, the concept is just a soundbite, a shorthand for inter-state conflicts about borders and...
EssayArmenia, Azerbaijan and the unfinished peace
Thomas de Waal...closed Armenia-Azerbaijan and Armenia-Turkey borders finally open, that will turn the South Caucasus from a roadblock into a hub, a through-route for East-West connectivity and transit. The picture is far...
EssayA little history of the modern Middle East
Simon Mayall...believes in the old, historical concept of an Islamic caliphate, where borders are Western imperial constructs, imposed on the universal brotherhood of God-fearing Muslims, lies the root of much of...
EssayMyths and realities of Putinism and NATO expansion
Vladislav Zubok...war era’. When NATO inevitably reached Russia’s borders, he warned, there would be conflict. Clinton and his people argued that NATO expansion was not a zero-sum game. It would allay...